Paub Txog Brandy

Yog hais tias muaj ib tug parade ntawm brandy ntau lawm, qhov tseem ceeb yuav yog Hungarian szilvapálinka thiab Bulgarian szilvapálinka. Yog tias peb xav tshawb nrhiav kev sib raug zoo ntawm ntau yam thiab cawv txiv hmab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov apricots, zib ntab plums, cherries thiab quince (tseem hu ua papaya).
Siv zib ntab plums ua piv txwv. Szatmári Szilvapálinka hauv Hungary siv ntau yam xws li penyigei, Besztercei thiab Nemtudom. Lub xeem lub npe txhais tau tias (Kuv tsis paub) hauv Hungarian. Cov zib ntab plums no yog xim xiav-dawb thiab daj-ntsuab ntau yam nrog me me txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhov ntau thiab tsawg, thiab cov cawv txiv hmab muaj xim ntsuab. Bekesi szilvpálinka siv ntau yam loj me me nrog lub teeb liab nqaij, thiab cov cawv muaj qhov sib tw thiab puv puv tsis muaj qhov tsw ntsuab. Lwm yam ntau yam muaj xws li presenta thiab Stanley. Lub qub yog me me thiab tsim ib qho txawv paj aroma, thaum lub tom kawg yog qe-zoo li tus thiab loj loj. Nws feem ntau ua rau zib ntab-nplooj barriques nrog lub zog nutty thiab ntsim aroma, lossis txawm tias tsaus chocolate aroma. Ntau yam sib txawv kuj tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke, piv txwv li, Stanley thiab lepotica yog tsim los ua cawv ua ke.
(Prunus cerasus yog ib hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv hauv winemaking hauv Hungary. Lub Erös distillery siv ntau yam ntawm prunes los ua cawv txiv hmab thiab fwj lawv nyias. lub pits ib leeg Bolyhos, qhov kev lag luam tus tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws, tuaj yeem ua 2,000 metric tons ntawm ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib xyoos, nrog rau qhov loj tshaj plaws. Qhov ntau yog apricots, dub qaub cherries thiab prunes, raws li zoo raws li wimpers thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo Lub teev yog loj heev uas nws txawm yuav tsum tau armed guards Lub zos nyob qhov twg nws yog hu ua Újszilvás, uas txhais tau tias lub zos prune tshiab muaj tag nrho ntawm 2,000 prune ntoo hauv lub zos, ntau tshaj li cov neeg nyob!)
Birspálinka tuaj yeem siv sib txawv quince los ua cawv. Hais lus nruj me ntsis, qhov sib txawv ntawm quince tsis yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm ntau yam, tab sis qhov teeb meem ntawm cov txheeb ze. Kev lag luam Hungarian barlinka feem ntau txawv ntawm (apple quince birsalma) thiab (pear quince birskörte): tus qub yog puag ncig thiab tiaj tus, nrog rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo; tom kawg yog pear-puab, nrog pear aroma. Lub orchard loj hlob quince, txiv apples, thiab pears tib lub sijhawm. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub caij, kab thiab cua ib txwm pollinate ib leeg, thiab kua quince thiab pear quince yog tsim. Qee zaum, ib sab thiab sab nraud ntawm tib tsob ntoo quince yuav tsim cov quince ntawm cov duab sib txawv, txhua tus muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tsw rau kev ua cawv, thiab tuaj yeem raug cim tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Pear quince tsis tshua muaj, thaum apple quince thiab general quince muaj ntau dua.
Ntau yam txiv apples paub tab ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab ripen ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv. Lub caij sau qoob loo pib thaum lub Cuaj Hli thiab kav mus txog rau thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis. Ib lub vaj txiv hmab tuaj yeem sib tov txog li kaum ob ntau yam sib txawv kom tawg mus rau kev siv zog ntawm lub caij sau qoob loo. Thaum lub caij sau qoob loo los txog, thawj cov txiv apples uas poob rau hauv av hu ua (pommes poubelles), uas txhais tau tias (cov txiv apples khib nyiab), uas txhais tau hais tias txiv apples tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua cawv, tab sis yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem noj. lawv.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub xyoo sau thiab qhov zoo ntawm winemaking tsis yog ib qho qauv, tab sis nyob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab hom winemaking. Piv txwv li, 2018 vintage hauv Hungary yog tshwj xeeb. Nws tau qhuav heev txij lub Plaub Hlis mus txog rau lub caij sau qoob loo, thiab lub caij txias paj ua rau 60% poob rau hauv apricot ntau lawm. Txawm hais tias nws tsis cuam tshuam rau ntau hom winemaking, tus nqi ntawm apricot winemaking nce siab vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev thov. Grapes kuj yog drought-resistant, thiab zus tau tej cov nyob rau hauv 2018 yog kuj ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus qab zib siab thiab kev loj hlob tuaj yeem tsim muaj ntau dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov txheej txheem grape distillation. Yog tias muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws hauv Cognac, Fabkis, nws yuav yog ib lub xyoo nyuaj thiab nyuaj heev. Vim tias cognac brandy siv cov txheej txheem distillation, cov cawv yuav tsum tau distilled yuav tsum muaj acidity txaus los ua ib txwm tshiab. Qhuav thiab kub xyoo yuav ua rau tsis muaj acid, thiab thaum ntxov sau yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, drought yuav ncua lub ripening ntawm grapes. Yog hais tias lub ripening ceev tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li cov txheej txheem sau qoob loo, tag nrho cov cawv cawv yuav txo qis.
Brandy tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm cawv distillation, txiv hmab txiv ntoo pomace distillation, txiv hmab txiv ntoo cawv distillation, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ncaj qha fermentation distillation, thiab cov ntsiab lus sib txawv.
Ob lub tshuab loj ntawm distillation: batch thiab nruam
Hais lus nruj me ntsis, lub tshuab distillation suav nrog cua sov, sib cais, cua txias, thiab cov kav dej, tab sis qhov no yog qhov pom ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab. Thaum peb kawm txog wine tasting, peb tuaj yeem nkag siab nws los ntawm kev faib cov tshuab distillation rau hauv ob lub tshuab loj raws li cov txheej txheem distillation: ib qho yog batch distillation, thiab lwm yam yog txuas ntxiv distillation.
Lub npe hu ua batch distillation yog tias cov khoom siv distillation muab tso rau hauv txhua lub khob tau tawm tom qab distillation tiav, thiab tom qab ntawd rov ua dua ua ntej nkag mus rau lwm qhov ntawm distillation. Yog tias cov dab kawg tsuas yog distilled ib zaug xwb, cov txheej txheem hu ua batch single-pass distillation; Yog hais tias lub condensate sau tau sau nrog re-distillation tom qab thawj distillation concentration, nws yog hu ua batch two-pass distillation. Vim yog kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv thiab thev naus laus zis, batch distillation cov cuab yeej ntawm brandy tam sim no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau hom distiller, nrog rau cov lauj kaub ib txwm thiab kab tseem, nrog rau ntau qhov tsim ntawm ob.
Nruam distillation tuaj yeem noj tsis tu ncua, distilled, condense, thiab sau cawv, thiab ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Nws yog feem ntau txawm peem rau nrog ib tug loj kem distiller. Cov vapor thiab kua rov ua cov txheej txheem ntawm evaporation thiab condensation ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg hauv kab distillation, nce txheej los ntawm txheej. Ntawm ib qho kev xam thiab qhov siab tsim nyog, lub condensate raug tso cai tawm ntawm kab distillation, thiab ces tus ntsuj plig tau txais. Qhov siab dua thiab loj dua ntawm cov kab distillation, cov txheej txheem ntau dua, thiab qhov purer lub tsw ntawm tus ntsuj plig yog, thiab ntau dua cov cawv concentration yuav ua tau. Yog tias siv cov khoom siv distillation loj heev los tsim cov brandy, cov distillation concentration yuav tsum tau tswj, vim hais tias yog cov concentration siab dhau lawm, qhov tsw yuav ntshiab dhau. Nws tsis ua raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm brandy tsoos; cov kev cai tsim khoom muaj feem xyuam tsis pub nws.
Saib hom brandy los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv yuav distilled
Cov khoom siv raw uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub distiller yog hu ua raw cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau distilled. Lawv tuaj yeem yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo xws li cawv lossis cider, lossis fermented cawv pomace, hu ua (Full mash), uas txhais tau hais tias (ua tiav txiv hmab txiv ntoo crushed nrog wine thiab pomace). Los yog nws tuaj yeem yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo crushed, los yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pomace lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo pomace. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv yuav tsum tau distilled yog txaus los txiav txim siab daim ntawv ntawm brandy, xws li cawv distillation, grape pomace distillation, txiv hmab txiv ntoo distillation, grape pomace distillation, tsis-grape txiv hmab txiv ntoo distillation, tsis-grape txiv hmab txiv ntoo distillation thiab lwm yam mix distillation brandy.
Nkag siab los ntawm lub npe ntawm condensate
Cov condensate tau los ntawm distillation tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom:
Cov cawv cawv tsawg (Le brouillis): Hauv ib pawg ob-thooj distillation, cov condensate tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau distilled uas twb muaj cawv muaj cawv concentration ntawm tsuas yog 10% ntawm qhov qis tshaj thiab 32% ntawm qhov siab tshaj, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub distillation system. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ob-pass distillation, qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tau, tab sis yuav tsum tau distilled thiab concentrated dua.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem concentration ntawm cov txheej txheem distillation thib ob, cov condensate uas tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom plig muaj xws li lub taub hau (les tetes), lub plawv (les secondes) thiab tus Tsov tus tw (les queues). Cov condensates uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov khoom kawg muaj qhov chaw sib txawv hauv cov tshuab distillation sib txawv. Qee lub sij hawm lawv raug muab pov tseg, thiab qee zaum lawv tau tov nrog cov dej cawv cawv tsawg lossis cov khoom siv raw los muab cov tshuaj distilled rau re-distillation.
Lub thiaj li hu ua (tshem lub taub hau, tshem tawm tus Tsov tus tw, thiab coj lub plawv ntawm caw), nyob rau hauv ob-kauj ruam txheej txheem distillation, tsuas yog lub plawv ntawm cawu cub (le coeur) yog seem uas yog tiag tiag suav hais tias yog dab, thiab nws kuj yog tus qauv ntawm cov khoom plig. Qhov concentration ntawm lub plawv seem txawv. Tom qab tau sau, nws tuaj yeem raug sau ua tus dab tshiab. Nyob rau hauv ob-kauj ruam distillation txheej txheem, cov cawv concentration ntawm cov tub ntxhais ntsuj plig nyob rau hauv nruab nrab seem ntawm lub thib ob distillation yog hais txog 70%: yog hais tias nws yog ib tug ib-kauj ruam distillation los yog tas mus li distillation system, lub hom phiaj distillation concentration ntawm dab tshiab yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 45-94.8%, uas yog qhov dav heev.
Daim duab 1 yog Balinka distiller uas tau siv rau 25 xyoo sib law liag hauv nruab nrab-20 xyoo pua thiab raug tshem tawm. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov distiller no muaj lub tsho tsim. Thaum ua haujlwm, hauv qab yog rhuab los ntawm hluav taws ncaj qha, thiab dej tau ntim ntawm lub tsho, ib yam li cua sov cov ntaub ntawv raw yuav tsum tau distilled hauv lub lauj kaub nrog dej. Lub distiller nyob rau hauv daim duab 2 yog ib qho antique los ntawm Austro-Hungarian Empire nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Cov chaw tsim khoom nyob hauv Budapest, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam zoo rau qhov tshwm sim uas thaum ntxov distiller feem ntau me me. Daim duab 3 yog ib qho kua cider distiller thaum ntxov.