Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm Whisky
1, Kev faib tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv raw
1. Malt whiskey
Tom qab cov khoom siv raw tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem xws li germination, ziab, saccharification, thiab fermentation, lawv yuav tsum tau distilled ob zaug nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub tooj liab tseem, ces condensed thiab fractionated, thiab thaum kawg muaj hnub nyoog nyob rau hauv ntoo qhib tej kas tham.
Ib qho chaw distillery hu ua ib qho malt whiskey.
Nws zoo tshaj plaws qhia txog cov style thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub distillery nws tus kheej thiab cov kab lis kev cai hauv zos. Txawm hais tias tag nrho ib qho malt distilleries ua raws tib cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, txhua tus whiskey muaj cov DNA ntawm txhua qhov distillery, ua rau kev tshawb nrhiav lom zem. Qhov no kuj yog ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas cov kws tshaj lij whiskey nyiam hom cawv no.
Kev sib xyaw ib leeg malt los ntawm ntau lub distilleries yog hu ua blended malt whiskey.
Malt whiskey yog tsim nyob rau hauv Scotland thiab tau lees paub tias yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws whiskey.
2. Grain Whisky
Cov khoom siv raw rau cov nplej whiskey muaj xws li pob kws, nplej, buckwheat, rye, oats, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau barley uas tsis tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem malting los ua malt. Blended whiskey muag nyias nyob rau hauv lub raj mis yog ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub lag luam.
Cov Scots nyiam siv nplej; Pob kws feem ntau yog siv los ua raw khoom rau cov nplej whiskey hauv Ireland, Nyiv, Canada, thiab lwm thaj chaw. Feem ntau hais lus, whiskey ua los ntawm pob kws muaj qhov puv puv thiab sib npaug ntau dua li cov nplej.
Grain whiskey yog distilled nyob rau hauv ib kem tseem, feem ntau nrog ib tug luv luv aging lub sij hawm thiab ib tug kuj lub teeb thiab me ntsis tsw, uas tsis yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg li malt whiskey.
3. Blended Whisky
Blended whiskey yog hom ntau tshaj plaws, thiab 90% ntawm whiskey thoob ntiaj teb belongs rau pawg no. Blended whiskey tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog malt thiab grain whiskey, thiab qhov sib xyaw siv los ntawm cov cheeb tsam sib txawv thiab cov distilleries kuj txawv, yog li cov tsw uas tsim los ntawm txhua lub distillery txawv. Tseem muaj cov malt whiskey distilleries uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov whiskey thiab tsis tsim ib qho malt whiskey lawv tus kheej.
2, Kev faib tawm los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb
1. Scotland
Thoob plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb whiskey, Scottish whiskey dominates, nrog nto moo hom xws li Macallan, Glenfiddich, Johnnie Walker, thiab Ballantine yog Scottish whisky.
Scotch whiskey muaj cov kev cai nruj: nws yuav tsum tau saccharified, fermented, distilled, thiab matured nyob rau hauv distilleries nyob rau hauv Scotland; Cov ntsiab lus cawv ntawm cov cawv qub uas tau txais tom qab distillation yuav tsum qis dua 94.8 degrees; Yuav tsum muaj hnub nyoog tsawg kawg yog 3 xyoos nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev khaws khoom sib koom ua ke lossis hauv cov thawv ntoo qhib ntawm "qhov chaw muaj ntawv tso cai"; Nws tsis raug tso cai siv cov khoom ntxiv uas tsis yog dej thiab cawv caramel; Cov ntsiab lus cawv ntawm lub raj mis whiskey yuav tsum siab tshaj 40 degrees, thiab lwm yam.
Muaj rau thaj tsam loj rau Scottish whisky, uas yog: Lowlands, Highland, Speyside, Islay, Islands, thiab Campeltown.
Raws li kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv raw, Scottish whiskey tuaj yeem muab faib ua 5 pawg: ib leeg malt, ib qho nplej, cov malt sib xyaw, cov hmoov nplej sib xyaw, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke.
Tom qab distillation, Scotch whiskey yuav muaj hnub nyoog nyob rau hauv Oak chim rau yam tsawg 3 xyoos. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb, ntau lub distilleries 'maturation lub sij hawm nyob deb tshaj qhov no, thiab qhov nkag-theem whiskey ntawm cov npe nrov nrov feem ntau pib hauv 10 xyoo.
Scotch whiskey feem ntau muaj hnub nyoog hauv cov thoob xws li Shirley, Bourbon, thiab Potter chim. Tsis zoo li American bourbon whiskey, Scottish whiskey yeej tsis xav kom muaj hnub nyoog hauv cov ntoo qhib tshiab.
2. Ireland
Yuav luag tag nrho Irish whiskey yog sib xyaw thiab feem ntau siv ua barley nyoos, nplej, rye, thiab buckwheat. Piv rau Scottish whiskey, Irish whiskey feem ntau muaj softer, rounder, tsawg stimulating saj, nrog me ntsis vanilla aroma, nrog rau caramel, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, almonds, txiv apples, thiab vanilla qab zib, ua rau nws zoo tshaj plaws. Rau nkag-theem whisky, xav txog pib nrog Irish whisky.
Scots siv peat ua roj rau ci malt, thiab thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qee cov tshuaj phenolic muaj nyob rau hauv peat adhere rau malt, ua rau cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab. Ireland siv cov thee ua roj, yog li nws tsis tsim cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab thiab muaj saj zoo dua li Scottish whiskey.
Scottish whiskey feem ntau siv ob qhov distillation, thaum Irish whiskey siv peb qhov distillation los ua cov cawv txiv hmab purer thiab siv lub lauj kaub tseem nrog lub peev xwm peb zaug ntawm lub lauj kaub tooj liab tsis tu ncua rau Scottish whiskey, uas coj qhov txawv txav.
3. Tebchaws Meskas
Ob hom American whiskeys
Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm Bourbon Whiskey yog pob kws, nrog rau feem tsawg kawg yog 51% thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 80%. Yog tias nws tshaj 80%, nws yuav raug cais raws li ' pob kws whiskey '. Tsuas yog cov pob kws, feem ntau yog barley, nplej, los yog rye. Feem ntau, bourbon whiskey nrog cov pob kws ntau dua muaj qhov qab zib dua, thaum whiskey nrog rye ntxiv yuav ntsim dua.
Bourbon whiskey tsis muaj kev txwv rau lub sijhawm laus hauv cov thoob, tsuas yog yuav tsum tau siv cov ntoo qhib tshiab tshiab, thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv cov thoob Asmeskas.
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub sijhawm laus hauv cov cai, yog tias bourbon whiskey muaj hnub nyoog hauv cov ntoo qhib ntoo rau ntau tshaj 2 xyoos thiab cov xim, aroma, thiab tsw ntawm cov cawv tsis hloov los ntawm cov khoom ntxiv, nws tuaj yeem hu ua ncaj bourbon Whiskey. .
Zuag qhia tag nrho, bourbon whiskey muaj qab zib dua li Scotland, nrog tsawg dua haus luam yeeb thiab peaty tsw.
Tennessee Whiskey yuav luag zoo ib yam li Bourbon, nrog rau qhov sib txawv yog tias Bourbon yog tsim los ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj kev txwv, tab sis Tennessee whiskey tsuas yog tuaj yeem tsim hauv Tennessee.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Tennessee whiskey yuav tsum tau lim nrog charcoal ua ntej loaded rau hauv cov ntoo qhib tej kas tham, ua rau ib tug softer thiab me ntsis smoky tsw.
4. Nyiv
Japanese whiskey originated los ntawm Scottish whiskey, thiab tsis tsuas yog nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov cuab yeej muab tau los ntawm nws, tab sis cov nplej siv rau brewing thiab peat siv rau haus luam yeeb thiab ci nplej kuj tau tuaj ntawm Scotland thiab United Kingdom. Yog li ntawd, Scottish whiskey feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv Japanese whiskey
5. Canada
Yuav luag tag nrho Canadian whiskey yog sib xyaw whiskey thiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom xyaw, feem ntau yog fermented, distilled, matured, thiab tov ua ntej bottling. Zuag qhia tag nrho, Canadian whiskey muaj lub cev sib zog thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws whiskey rau kev sib xyaw.
3, Kev faib tawm los ntawm kev tsim khoom
1. Ib lub thoob, ob lub thoob, peb lub thoob, plaub lub thoob whiskey
Yog hais tias tus txheej txheem maturation ntawm whiskey tsuas yog siv ib lub oak chim, ces nws yog hu ua ib chim whiskey, txoj kev no yog hais txog ib tug txawv cwm pwm.
Muab ob npaug rau lub raj mis whiskey: Whiskey muaj hnub nyoog hauv ob lub thawv ntoo qhib sib txawv yog sib xyaw ua ke, lossis hnub nyoog hauv ib lub thoob ua ntej hnub nyoog hauv lwm lub thoob. Hom whiskey no feem ntau nyuaj dua.
Peb lub thoob ntawm whiskey: Sib tov peb lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov cawv cawv ua ke, los yog muaj peb lub thoob sib txawv ua ntej thiab tom qab kev loj hlob.
Plaub lub thoob ntawm whiskey: Cov ntoo qhib tshiab, bourbon chim, sherry chim, thiab cov cawv cawv yog siv los ua kom muaj kev sib txawv thiab sib npaug.
2. Sherry tej kas tham thiab bourbon tej kas tham ntawm whiskey
Feem ntau ntawm cov cawv cawv yog muab los ntawm cov ntoo qhib ntoo, yog li kev xaiv ntawm cov ntoo qhib ntoo tuaj yeem hais tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tam sim no, cov khoom muaj xws li bourbon chim, sherry chim, rum chim, thiab lwm yam. Cov thoob sib txawv tuaj yeem muab cov khoom sib txawv rau whiskey.
Whisky siav nyob rau hauv sherry tej kas tham muaj ib tug tag nrho lub cev thiab nplua nuj fruity tsw, nrog flavors ntawm kua txob, caramel, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, thiab txiv kab ntxwv, raws li zoo raws li ib tug sib sib zog nqus amber xim.
Whisky matured nyob rau hauv bourbon chim yuav nthuav lub teeb golden daj xim, nrog ib tug mos mos thiab ilv lub cev, feem ntau yog characterized los ntawm elegant floral thiab woody aromas. Cov xim, aroma, saj, thiab lub cev ntawm whiskey feem ntau tsis nplua nuj li cov hnub nyoog hauv sherry chim.
3. Case Lub zog
Lub zog chim, tseem hu ua chim siab, yog hais txog whiskey uas yog diluted tsis muaj dej thiab fwj ncaj qha los ntawm ntoo qhib chim. Cov ntsiab lus cawv feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 55% -60%. Nws yog hom qhabnias tshaj plaws ntawm whiskey, uas zoo tshaj plaws qhia txog qhov saj ntawm whiskey hauv cov thawv ntoo thiab cov style ntawm distillery.
4. OB and IB whiskey
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Whiskey bottling
OB=Office/Original Bottling, uas txhais tau hais tias official los yog thawj bottling. Lub distillery yog lub luag haujlwm rau ob qho tib si distillation, bottling, thiab muag khoom.
IB=Kev ywj pheej Bottling, uas txhais tau hais tias lub distiller tsuas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau distillation, thiab lub raj mis thiab muag ntawm cov cawv yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub distiller.
