cov ntsiab lus ntawm whiskey
Nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm lub British, whiskey yog ib tug cawv cawv piv rau "dej ntawm lub neej". Tau kawg, nws kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov dab neeg nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv neej thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm hais tias koj yog tus kiv cua super ntawm whiskey lossis tus pib, koj yuav raug cuam tshuam rau qee cov ntsiab lus whiskey ntawm ib zaug lossis lwm qhov. Niaj hnub no, Liquor Encyclopedia yuav piav qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm whiskey los ntawm A txog Z. Nws tau pom zoo kom sau nws!
Hnub nyoog (lub sij hawm laus): Txij li thaum whiskey feem ntau yog sib xyaw, nws lub sij hawm laus feem ntau yog hais txog lub sij hawm cov dej cawv yau tshaj yog hnub nyoog hauv cov ntoo qhib.
Daim Ntawv Qhia Hnub Nyoog: Feem ntau yog hais txog nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv lo cawv txog lub sijhawm laus ntawm whiskey. Zoo li Hnub Nyoog, lub sij hawm cim rau ntawm daim ntawv lo cawv feem ntau yog lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov yau tshaj cawv. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias ib lub raj mis ntawm 12-xyoo-laus whiskey tseem yuav nyeem 12 xyoo ntawm daim ntawv lo plaub xyoos tom qab lub raj mis, tsis yog 16 xyoo. Nws yog vim li no tias qee tus neeg tsim khoom lag luam whiskey tseem yuav qhia lub sijhawm distillation thiab lub sijhawm ntim ntawm cov ntawv caw.
American Oak (American Oak Barrel): Feem ntau ua los ntawm cov ntoo qhib dawb, nws muaj cov qib siab ntawm vanilla tebchaw thiab lactones, yog li nws tau siv dav hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm whiskey.
Angel's Share: yog hais txog ib feem ntawm cov kua dej cawv uas ib txwm evaporates los ntawm cov laus whiskey. Lub npe yog los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm uas muaj kev txawj ntse. Lawv paub hais tias qhov evaporation ntawm cov cawv txiv hmab yog inevitable, tab sis lawv tsis xav kom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lawv cov hauj lwm yuav tsum tau nkim, yog li ntawd lawv nplij lawv tus kheej hais tias ib feem ntawm cov cawv no yog muab rau cov tim tswv. Hauv cov chaw xws li Scotland, whiskey poob txog 2% ntawm nws cov cawv ib xyoos ib zaug; hauv qee thaj chaw sov, tus nqi feem ntau siab dua. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, qhov kev faib ua feem yog txawm tias siab li 12%.
Blended Malt: Feem ntau yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm malts los ntawm txawv distilleries.
Blended Whisky: Lub hauv paus cawv feem ntau yog los ntawm ntau xyoo thiab distilleries, thiab cov ntaub ntawv raw feem ntau yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm grain whiskey thiab ib qho malt whiskey. Raws li txoj cai, ib qho malt whiskey yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 40% whiskey.
Lub raj mis hauv daim ntawv cog lus: 1. Feem ntau hais txog se excise; 2. Ib lo lus rau American whiskey uas yuav tsum muaj hnub nyoog thiab lub raj mis ua raws li cov cai ntawm Bonded Storage Act of 1897. Feem ntau, whiskey yuav tsum tau brewed nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo los ntawm tib yam tseem nyob rau hauv tib lub distillery, ces muaj hnub nyoog rau yam tsawg kawg nkaus. 4 xyoo nyob rau hauv ib tug tsoom fwv-saib xyuas cov tsev qiv ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd ntim hauv fwj nyob rau hauv tsoom fwv saib xyuas. Cov degree feem ntau yog 50%.
Bourbon: American classic whiskey, feem ntau distilled los ntawm ntau tshaj 51% pob kws. Tom qab distillation, nws cov ntsiab lus cawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 80%, thiab ces diluted nrog dej mus rau 62.5% ua ntej muab tso rau hauv tshiab charcoal-tua ntoo barrels. Nruab nrab hnub nyoog.
Cask Strength: Ib lo lus sau npe, qee zaum luv rau C / S, uas yog hais txog whiskey bottled undiluted ncaj qha los ntawm Oak chim. Yog li ntawd, qhov no whiskey yog fwj ntawm cov dej cawv ntau heev thiab feem ntau kim dua.
Charring: yog hais txog kev ci thiab tua hluav taws ntawm cov ntoo qhib ntoo, uas yog hom ntoo qhib ntau tshaj plaws hauv bourbon whiskey. Cov carbonation ntawm lub thoob yuav maj mam coj mus rau hauv lub cev, thaum muab cov cawu cub ntau yam complex flavors, xws li qab zib thiab vanilla.
Chill-filtration: yog hais txog kev tso whiskey ntawm qhov kub qis ntawm -10 degree -4 degree , thiab tom qab ntawd hla nws los ntawm cov lim dej kom tshem tawm cov khoom seem thiab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab. Ntawm qhov kub no, cov tebchaw loj xws li fatty acids, proteins, thiab esters tsis tuaj yeem hla. Txawm li cas los xij, controversially, ib txhia ntseeg hais tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub whiskey poob qee qhov ntawm nws lub cev thiab tsw.
Chivas Regal: ib lub npe nrov whiskey. Nws yog thawj tus neeg tsim khoom lag luam whiskey nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb los tsim thiab coj cov whiskey sib xyaw rau hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab yog tus tsim ntawm triple blends ntawm whiskey. Ntawm ntau Scotch whiskeys, Chivas Regal tau tuav txoj haujlwm ntev hauv kev lag luam hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab thaj av Asia-Pacific.
Kem tseem: Lub kem tseem (sab laug hauv daim duab hauv qab no) tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 19th. Nws zoo nkaus li ua rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm lub lauj kaub tseem (lub lauj kaub tseem (txoj cai hauv daim duab hauv qab), uas yuav qhia tom qab). Cov dej cawv distilled uas yuav tsum tau muaj ntau yam distillation hauv lub lauj kaub tseem tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm ib qho distillation nyob rau hauv ib tug pej thuam tseem, thiab tus pej thuam tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tsim khoom tas mus li, uas txhim kho kev tsim khoom zoo heev.
Distillation: Whisky ntau lawm feem ntau muab faib ua 7 kauj ruam: malting, milling, fermentation, distillation, laus, blending thiab bottling. Ntawm lawv, distillation yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb thiab cov kauj ruam yooj yim tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, whiskey yog distilled ntawm qhov kub ntawm 78.29 degree (hauv qab lub boiling point), yog li thaum lub sij hawm no cov cawv vaporizes tab sis dej tsis. Thaum cov cawv vaporized nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb nkab thiab txias, nws ua kua cawv. Lub sijhawm no, cov ntsiab lus cawv ntawm whiskey tau nce ntau.
Muab ob npaug rau Distillation: Txij li cov cawv vaporized feem ntau muaj qee yam ntawm impurities, whiskey distilleries feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem xws li ob lossis txawm triple distillation kom tau cawv nrog siab purity thiab ob peb impurities. Feem ntau Scotch whiskey yuav tsum tau distilled ob zaug, thaum Scotch lowland whiskey thiab Irish whiskey yuav tsum tau distilled peb zaug. Whisky uas yog triple distilled muaj ib tug smoother saj.
Grain Whiskey: Nws cov khoom siv raw yog cov nplej, uas feem ntau yooj yim rau brew thiab muaj cov txiaj ntsig siab dua, yog li nws yog ib qho dej cawv ntau hauv kev sib xyaw whiskey.
Highlands (Highland Whiskey): Ntau tus neeg uas poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog whiskey pib los ntawm kev nyiam whiskey los ntawm Scottish Highlands. Haus dej cawv muaj xws li tasting Fabkis liab caw, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv hauv cheeb tsam muaj zog. Ntawm lawv, qhov kev ntxhib los mos yog tuab thiab saj yog qab zib, nrog qee qhov peat thiab ntsev flavors, uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm feem ntau Highland whiskeys.
Johnnie Walker: Lub ntiaj teb nto moo tshaj plaws whiskey hom thiab lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws Scotch whiskey tsim tawm. Tau ntau xyoo, nws tau yog lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws thiab muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws Scotch whiskey hom, thiab nws cov khoom muag thoob ntiaj teb tau dhau qhov chaw thib ob thiab ruaj khov ua ntej.
Kentucky Bourbon: Bourbon tuaj yeem tsim nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv Tebchaws Meskas, tab sis tsuas yog Kentucky cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem tso lub npe keeb kwm ntawm daim ntawv lo.
Lowlands : Cov Lowlands hais txog qhov chaw siab ciam teb nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Scotland. Lub whiskey tsim tawm ntawm no yog qab zib thiab muag heev, nrog lub teeb lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav dej tsw, tsis poob qhov kev xav ntawm txheej. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov neeg uas nrhiav kev yooj yim tab sis tsis tho txawv. Txaus siab rau.
Micro distilleries : yog hais txog cov distilleries tshiab uas ua haujlwm ntawm me me thiab muaj nuj nqis tsawg. Lawv feem ntau tsom rau qhov zoo dua li qhov ntau.
Mizunara ( chim): Japanese whiskey tshwj xeeb chim, ua los ntawm ntoo qhib onnara feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv Hokkaido cheeb tsam ntawm Nyiv. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv vanilla tebchaw thiab muaj ib tug heev noo noo cov ntsiab lus.
Monkey Lub xub pwg nyom: Ib lub npe nrov whiskey, nws lub ntim yog qhov nthuav heev - muaj peb tus menyuam mos liab nce toj ntawm lub raj mis caj dab. Txawm li cas los xij, lub npe lub npe tsis cuam tshuam rau cov liab raws li kev xav tau nrov, tab sis yog kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm brewing tig malt rau hauv pem teb.
Peated: Scotch whiskey yog nto moo tshaj plaws rau nws qhov tshwj xeeb peat tsw. Qhov tseeb, qhov no peat tsw yog los ntawm cov txheej txheem whiskey brewing. Feem ntau, barley yog rhuab thiab qhuav nrog peat tom qab germination. Cov txheej txheem no yuav nqus tau tshwj xeeb "phenolic compound". Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib xyaw no, qhov pom tseeb dua cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm peat yuav.
Lub lauj kaub tseem: Lub lauj kaub tseem yog cov khoom qub tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim tshaj plaws distillation. Nws feem ntau muaj peb ntu: preheater, tseem, thiab nab condenser. Tag nrho lub lauj kaub feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tooj liab. , feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov ib malt whiskey.
Rye : Ib qho khoom xyaw ntawm whiskey uas nrov heev hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab feem ntau muaj cov txuj lom tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej kev txwv tsis pub txav mus, feem ntau ntawm cov cawv uas tsim nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog rye whiskey.
Scotch: Hauv Lus Askiv, Scotch whiskey feem ntau yog luv rau Scotch. Nws yog hais txog ib qho cawv uas ua tiav hauv Scotland, uas yuav tsum muaj hnub nyoog hauv cov ntoo qhib rau 3 xyoos thiab ntim nrog cov dej cawv tsis pub tsawg tshaj 40%.
Scotch ntawm cov pob zeb: Hais txog kev ntxiv cov dej khov rau cov cawv. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias txawm hais tias ib qho malt whiskey tuaj yeem haus dej kom huv lossis nrog me me ntawm cov dej ntxiv, dej qab zib lossis lwm yam tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov dej khov nab kuab, feem ntau tsis ntxiv.
Ib lub thoob : Hom cawv no feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv Scotch thiab Bourbon whiskey. Nws feem ntau yog kev khav theeb ntawm lub distillery. Nws feem ntau txhais tau hais tias whiskey nyob rau hauv lub raj mis los ntawm tib lub aging chim los hais txog nws qhov tsis tshua muaj thiab thawj tsw.
Ib qho malt (ib leeg malt whiskey): ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshaj plaws hauv Scotland. Nws yog ua tiav los ntawm ib qho malt whiskey distilled hauv tib lub distillery. Nws qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab distillery mus rau qhov loj tshaj plaws. feature.
Small Batch: Lo lus "Small Batch" feem ntau tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov ntawv sau ntawm American bourbon thiab rye whiskey. Qhov no tsis yog ib lo lus tseem ceeb, thiab tsis muaj kev txwv nruj heev. Nws yog ntxiv los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom nws tus kheej. Mus sau npe. Piv txwv li, lub npe nrov Jim Beam muaj ib qho me me Batch series ntawm wines.
Sour Mash: Ib txoj kev fermentation feem ntau siv hauv bourbon whiskey. Nws hais txog kev ntxiv cov qaub mash (Sour Mashing) cov khoom seem los ntawm cov distillation ntawm cov cawv txiv hmab yav dhau los thaum fermentation. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog txuag cov nqi xwb, tab sis kuj Cov ntaub ntawv raw kuj tuaj yeem fermented ntseeg nkaws, thiab lub hauv paus kawg cawv tau txais yog tib yam. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias txoj kev no tsis ua rau qaub saj hauv qhov kawg whiskey.
Ncaj Bourbon: Ib hom bourbon. Txij li thaum bourbon nws tus kheej tsis muaj qhov xav tau kev laus, nws ua tau raws li tsoomfwv Meskas cov cai thiab muaj hnub nyoog hauv cov ntoo qhib rau ntau tshaj 2 xyoos yam tsis muaj tshuaj ntxiv. Thaum cov xim, aroma, thiab tsw ntawm cawv yog hloov, lub whiskey yog hu ua ncaj bourbon.
SMWS (Scotch Malt Whisky Society): Lub npe tag nrho yog Scotch Malt Whiskey Society. Tag nrho cov koom haum koom haum yog los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov hwj cawv uas lawv tsim muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws, thiab lub npe ntawm cov distillery feem ntau tsis cim, tab sis yog hloov los ntawm cov lej cim tshwj xeeb. . Tam sim no, lub koom haum tau nrhiav ntau tus tswvcuab los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb los tsim lub ntiaj teb cov neeg siv khoom loj tshaj plaws Scotch whiskey.
Tennessee (Tennessee Whiskey): Cov txheej txheem brewing ntawm no whiskey yog roughly tib yam li bourbon whiskey. Qhov txawv tsuas yog tias Tennessee whiskey yuav tsum tau lim nrog maple charcoal ua ntej bottling. Cov lim dej Tennessee whiskey saj smoother thiab muaj lub teeb tsw. Qab zib thiab haus luam yeeb. Lub ntiaj teb nto moo whiskey hom-Jack Daniels yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsav tsheb tom qab ua tiav ntawm Tennessee whiskey.
Virgin Oak (tshiab oak chim): Keeb kwm txhais tau tias "virgin chim", uas yog, ib tug ntoo qhib chim uas tsis tau siv. Bourbon, piv txwv li, yog hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb hauv cov tshiab, charcoal-toasted Oak chim. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev tsim cov whiskey, ntau lub tuam txhab tseem siv sherry chim, chaw nres nkoj chim thiab txawm bourbon chim rau kev laus. Scotch whiskey yog ib qho piv txwv.
Whisk(e)y (whiskey): Puas yog lus Askiv rau whiskey lossis Whiskey? Qhov tseeb, ob qho tib si yog cov kab lus tseeb, tab sis cov kab lus hauv ntau lub teb chaws tsis sib xws. Ntawm lawv, whiskey-tsim lub teb chaws xws li Scotland, Nyiv thiab Canada yog accustomed rau daim ntawv lo whiskey; thaum feem ntau cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tebchaws Ireland thiab Tebchaws Meskas cov npe whiskey. Tau kawg, muaj kev zam. Piv txwv li, American chaw tsim tshuaj paus Maker's Mark yog accustomed rau siv whiskey.
Lub caij ntuj no nplej: hais txog ib hom nplej sown nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab sau rau lub caij ntuj sov tom ntej. Cov nplej no muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab cov ntsiab lus protein tsawg.
