1. Gelatinization
Gelatinized starch feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes thiab muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv granular. Xws li granules yog insoluble hauv dej thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm amylase. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yuav sai sai nqus dej thiab o tom qab cua sov. Thaum kub nce mus rau ib theem, cov phab ntsa ntawm tes rupture, starch molecules yaj, thiab tsim ib tug viscous muab tshuaj txhuam. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua "gelatinization". Nyob rau hauv luv luv, gelatinization yog cov txheej txheem ntawm starch granules o thiab rupturing nyob rau hauv ib tug kub tov.
Tom qab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog gelatinized, cov amylase hauv cov kua tuaj yeem decompose nws zoo, thaum lub sij hawm decomposition ntawm ungelatinized starch yuav siv sij hawm ntev.Qhov kub tseem ceeb ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab sai sai nqus dej, o thiab rupture los tsim ib tug muab tshuaj txhuam yog hu ua gelatinization kub.
Cov gelatinization kub ntawm cov excipients txawv txawv, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm starch granules ntawm txawv nplej. Piv txwv li, gelatinization kub ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog 80-85 degree, gelatinization kub ntawm pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog 68-78 degree, thiab gelatinization kub ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog 57-70 degree .
(ii) Liquefaction
Liquefaction, -amylase sai sai decomposes cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ntev (amylose thiab amylopectin) tsim los ntawm cov piam thaj residues rau hauv cov saw luv kom tsim cov khoom hnyav molecular dextrins, yog li txo cov viscosity ntawm gelatinized mash. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua "liquefaction", thiab cov txheej txheem liquefaction yog cov txheej txheem biochemical.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm liquefaction yog txo cov viscosity ntawm gelatinized starch kua los ntawm kev ua ntawm -amylase. Txawm hais tias liquefaction tsis tuaj yeem tsim ntau cov suab thaj, nws cov khoom ua haujlwm yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua ntxiv ntawm saccharifying amylase. Zoo liquefaction tsim tej yam kev mob rau saccharification.
(III) Saccharification
