Cov nyhuv ntawm tooj liab rau cov tseem
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem distillation, nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj kom pom tias tooj liab tseem muaj qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tshem tawm cov ntxhiab thiab optimizing aroma piv nrog stainless hlau tseem. Thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cawv distills brandy, aroma ntawm dab distilled los ntawm tooj liab tseem yog ntau ntuj thiab ntshiab, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo aroma yog ilv thiab elegant; Thaum whiskey yog distilled los ntawm cov nplej, cov aromas ntawm dab distilled los ntawm tooj liab tseem tseem ntshiab thiab sib haum xeeb dua li cov stainless hlau stills. Cov khoom siv distilled ntsuj plig feem ntau muaj cov nqaij zoo li aroma. Rau thawj cov cawv txiv hmab uas muaj me me ntawm leej faj, cov ntsuj plig distilled los ntawm stainless hlau tseem muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab, thiab tooj liab tseem tuaj yeem siv los txo cov tshuaj tsw qab. Qhov tshwm sim no tseem qhia tau tias cov tooj liab tseem muaj lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tshem tawm cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab.
Feem ntau off-flavors pib los ntawm sulfides. Ntawm cov sulfides ntau yam, trisulfides (DMTS) tau kawm kom muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, nrog rau qhov kev xav ntawm qhov pib ntawm 0.1 ug / L, lossis qhov concentration hauv cov cawv tshiab. Txog 1 txog 6 micrograms / liter. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, thaum siv tooj liab thiab stainless hlau tseem, tsuas yog DMTS ua qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam sulfides, raws li qhia hauv daim duab:
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus tooj liab muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ib yam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev sim ntawm iav tseem, ntxiv tooj liab ntsev (cuprous chloride) yuav ua rau kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm DMTS, thaum ntxiv tooj liab mesh yuav txo tau cov nyhuv ntawm siv tooj liab stills. Nws zoo dua li tshiab, thiab txawm tias lwm cov hlau ions hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam. Lub catalytic kev txiav txim ntawm tooj liab converts thiols rau tsawg pungent carbonyls.
Qee pawg neeg txawv teb chaws tau ua qhov kev sim ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm tooj liab nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm qhov tseem ntawm cov style ntawm distilled caw. Noj whiskey tseem ua piv txwv, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov ntsuj plig tseem raug muab tshem tawm rau hauv 6 qhov chaw, raws li hloov nrog cov hlau tsis muaj steel. Qhov tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tsis kaj siab sulfur, nqaij thiab lwm yam tsis kaj siab tsw thiab ua kom nws zoo huv si.
Lus Cim: Tus kws sau ntawv kuj tau siv stainless hlau tseem thiab tooj liab tseem rau distilled thiab distilled whisky. Los ntawm kev sib piv ntawm tsis hnov tsw, nws muaj peev xwm pom tau meej tias cov aroma ntawm distilled cawu cub tom qab distillation nrog tooj liab tseem yog tshiab thiab ntuj, thaum lub distilled cawu cub nrog stainless hlau stills muaj cuab kev zoo sib xws. Cov nqaij npuas nyoos.
(Cov phooj ywg txaus siab tuaj yeem rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv Askiv hauv qhov kawg ntawm kab lus lossis xa mus rau cov tshooj hauv ntu distillation ntawm "Whisky Science")
"Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm condenser nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig tseem yog qhov hloov maj mam, thiab hloov lub copper condenser nyob rau hauv tag nrho-stainless steel tseem yuav tsis pab, tab sis hloov ib tug stainless hlau condenser nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho-tooj tooj liab tseem yuav ua rau kom lub off-flavor. Cov theem kawg ntawm distillation, qhov muaj tooj liab muaj qhov txiav txim siab, ntau dua vim tias cov cawv cawv muaj cawv ntau dua yuav ua rau cov tooj liab. "
——Source: "Whisky Science", cov lus sib cav ntawm ntu no ntawm phau ntawv kuj tseem yog xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
Cov teebmeem ntawm tooj liab nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm malt whiskey tseem nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab aroma ntawm tshiab wines
(Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tooj liab nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm malt Whiskey lauj kaub tseem nyob ntawm Tshiab Tsim Ntsuj Plig Zoo thiab Aroma - Barry Harrison, Olivier Fagnen, Frances Jack thiab James Brosnan)
Qhov xaus ntawm daim ntawv no kuj txhais raws li nram no:
"Lub xub ntiag ntawm tooj liab nyob rau hauv lub lauj kaub tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov sulfurous thiab meaty aromas nyob rau hauv tshiab wines, thiab DMTS theem qhia ib tug zoo correlation nrog cov aromas. Nyob rau hauv cov lab-scale distillations, nws tau pom tias muab tooj liab nyob rau hauv wine Condensers ntawm kua txiv stills. los yog cov ntsuj plig tseem muaj peev xwm txo tau cov qib ntawm cov compound no zoo tshaj plaws, txhawm rau txhim kho kev tswj hwm ntawm qhov sib xyaw no, nws yuav tsum tau qhia meej tias cov cheeb tsam no tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev txo DMTS dua li lwm qhov chaw.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm tooj liab hauv condenser ntawm tus ntsuj plig tseem nyob hauv kev tswj cov sulfur thiab nqaij aromas kuj plays lub luag haujlwm, tab sis cov txheej txheem ntawm cov nyhuv no tsis meej. Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tias kev tshem tawm tooj liab los ntawm cov seem no tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab ntawm cov ntsuj plig tshiab hauv cov khoom lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau taw qhia tias thaum DMTS tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov sulfur thiab nqaij aroma, lwm yam tsis paub cov tebchaw kuj ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, thiab kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav tsum tsom mus rau kev txheeb xyuas cov tebchaw no. "
Hauv kev tsim cov Scotch malt whiskey thiab Fabkis cognac, kev siv tooj liab los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau distillation yog ntseeg tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv aroma ntawm distilled ntsuj plig. Qhov kev sim no qhia tau hais tias tooj liab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qee qhov ntawm lub lauj kaub tseem tshaj lwm tus. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem siv los pab tsim thiab tu, xws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus ntsuj plig tseem, qib ntawm tooj liab poob hauv qhov tseem, thiab lwm yam.
Niaj hnub no, ntau lub teb chaws wineries tau pib sim nrog hom thiab cov khoom ntawm distiller. Piv txwv li, cov chaw ua dej cawv uas muaj npe nrov hauv tsev yuav siv cov khoom lag luam tsoos Charente tseem rau distillation; Qee tus neeg ntxiv cov pob purification tooj liab, goosenecks thiab condensers rau kev tsim cov cawv cawv; Cov tooj liab tseem rau whiskey lossis brandy yuav raug hloov nrog cov hlau tsis muaj steel, thiab cov phaj tooj liab uas tuaj yeem tshem tau yuav raug npaj rau qhov tseem.
