Koj puas paub cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua whiskey?
Kawm paub yuav ua li cas whiskey yog ua nyob rau hauv yim kauj ruam ib zaug.
Luv luv piav qhia txog cov kauj ruam ntawm kev ua whiskey: germination - sib tsoo - saccharification - fermentation - distillation - barreling - blending - bottling.
Malting.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm sprouted Malting whiskey yog barley, nplej, pob kws, nplej, thiab lwm yam. Tom qab tshem tawm cov impurities, cov khoom siv raw uas tau xaiv yog soaked hauv dej kub, ces rhuab thiab qhuav, tos rau theem tom ntej. Tsuas yog barley yuav ua rau nws mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej li sprouted malt.
Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias nyob rau hauv Scotch whiskey, "peat" yog siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ziab, uas muab Scotch whiskey nws txawv smoky peat saj. Hauv tebchaws Ireland, ze Scotland, oats tau siv los ua raw khoom.
2. Milling
Cia nws zaum li ib hlis thaum lub malt yog av nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb sib tsoo tshuab.
3. Mashing
Tom qab sib tsoo, muab tso rau hauv wort hub, thiab ntxiv dej kub ntawm txog 60 degree -70 degree kom yaj cov hmoov malt. Tom qab cov piam thaj ntawm malt hmoov dissolves nyob rau hauv dej, nws yog wort. Qhov kub thiab lub sijhawm yuav cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm wort. Vim muaj cov ntsiab lus qab zib tsawg hauv malt hmoov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tso siab rau amylase los hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab rau hauv qabzib thiab maltose. Yog tias qhov kub ntawm cov dej kub siab tshaj 90 degree, kev ua haujlwm ntawm amylase yuav raug rhuav tshem, yog li cov dej kub yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau.
4. Fermentation
Tom qab wort txias, nws yog fermented nrog poov xab, uas hloov cov suab thaj rau hauv cawv, uas tsuas yog 7 feem pua ntawm cawv.
5. Distillation
Cov kua fermentation yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho tseem rau distillation, uas muaj cov nyhuv ntawm concentration. Lub distilled caw yog hu ua tshiab wine, uas yog pob tshab, tsis muaj xim thiab muaj concentrated heev. Feem ntau, whiskey yuav tsum tau distilled ob zaug, thiab cov concentration ntawm cov cawv ua tom qab thawj distillation tsuas yog 20 feem pua, tab sis tom qab distillation thib ob, cov concentration ntawm cov cawv yuav nyob nruab nrab ntawm 60 feem pua thiab 70 feem pua. Tsuas yog lub hauv paus yog coj li whiskey. Tab sis tsis muaj kev txwv rau ob lub distilleries, qee qhov distilleries yuav nce mus rau peb lub distilleries, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm cov cawv txiv hmab, tab sis cov txheej txheem distillation yuav ua rau qhov tsw ntawm cov nplej nws tus kheej dim, yog li tus naj npawb ntawm cov distilleries yuav tsum vam khom cov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse.
6. Kev loj hlob
Cov cawv txiv hmab tshiab yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv cov thawv ntoo qhib thiab matured rau ntau xyoo. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ripening, cov ester, tsob ntoo ester thiab "cov tshuaj tsw qab" uas ua los ntawm cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub thoob yog absorbed, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntoo, nplej thiab zib ntab. Brandy, whiskey thiab rum tsis yog cov cawv uas muaj hnub nyoog nkaus xwb. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, gin, vodka thiab tequila kuj tau siv cov ntoo qhib ntoo los txhim kho lub cev nws tus kheej.
7. Sib tov
Nws yog nyob ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm lub distillery bartenders los muab cov concentration thiab saj tau rau cov pej xeem.
8. Lub raj mis
Cov dej cawv sib xyaw yog lim dua kom tshem tawm cov impurities ua ntej nws tuaj yeem muab ntim rau hauv lub raj mis, txheej txheem uas tam sim no feem ntau yog siv tshuab.
Lus Cim 1: Cov thee siv los ua kom qhuav malt yog peat, uas yuav tau tham kom meej hauv ib tsab xov xwm siab heev.
Lus Cim 2: Txij li cov ntoo qhib cov thoob tsis tas yuav tshiab, lawv tuaj yeem khaws cov aroma ntawm cov cawv txiv hmab yav dhau los.
Lus Cim 3: Bartender ntawm no tsis yog bartender li koj ib txwm hnov. Nws yog Blender.
Lus Cim 4: Lub plawv: Tom qab distillation, lub cev ntawm cov cawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua thawj theem cawv, cawv cawv thiab turbid-stage cawv.
Thawj theem cawv muaj ntau qhov seem (feem ntau hu ua lees) thiab muaj methanol. Cov cawv muaj cov roj fusel, uas muab cov tawv nqaij hlawv. Ob qhov tsis haus dej haus, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm, thiab tus ntsuj plig distilled yog hu ua core, uas tsuas yog 20 feem pua ntawm cov dej distilled.
